Ambliyopi Olgularýnýn Yetiþkin Dönemdeki Klinik Özelliklerinin Deðerlendirilmesi

GÝRÝÞ ve AMAÇ: Bu çalýþmada, yetiþkin çaðda karþýlaþýlan ambliyopi olgularýnýn demografik ve klinik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandý.
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Ambliyopi tanýsý alan 18 yaþ üstü 100 olgu çalýþmaya dahil edildi. Olgularýn cinsiyet, yaþ gibi demografik özellikleri yanýnda etkilenen göz, en iyi düzeltilmiþ görme keskinliði, az görmenin fark edilme zamaný, tedavi baþlanma yaþý ve süresi, eþlik eden refraktif kusurun tipi ve derecesi, gözlük kullaným sýklýðý ve süresi, ambliyopi etiyolojisi deðerlendirildi.
BULGULAR: Olgularýn ortalama yaþý 36.62±12.46 (18–67) yýl olup %54’ü kadýn idi. Yirmi yedi olgunun sað gözü, 42 olguda sol göz etkilenirken 31 olguda iki taraflý tutulum olduðu gözlendi. Ortalama gözlük kullaným süresi 1.39±2.40 (0–10) yýl olup, 68 olgu az gördüðünü ilk defa fark ediyordu. Üç olguda çocukluk döneminde düzensiz gözlük kullanýmý mevcuttu. Ambliyopi nedeninin 72 olguda anizometropi, 28 olguda ise izoametropi olduðu izlenirken olasý etiyolojik nedenlerden þaþýlýk ve deprivasyona rastlanmadý. En sýk görülen refraktif kusur 32 olguda basit hipermetropi idi.
TARTIÞMA ve SONUÇ: Ambliyopi etkilenen bireylerin sosyal yaþamýný derinden etkileyen hatta ciddi psikolojik bozukluklara zemin hazýrlayan bir görsel yoksunluk halidir. Etkin tedavi ancak erken taný ile mümkündür. Bu baðlamda göz taramalarýnýn sistematik hale getirilmesi, ambliyopiye farkýndalýðýn artýrýlmasý ve hem bireylere hem de ailelere tedavi için gerekli motivasyonun saðlanmasý hayati öneme sahiptir.

Assessment of Clinical Characteristics of Amblyopia During Adulthood

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the present study was to determine demographic and clinical characteristics of amblyopia in adults.
METHODS: Included were 100 patients aged over 18 years and diagnosed with amblyopia. Clinical features such as best corrected visual acuity, low vision awareness time, age at initiation of treatment, treatment duration, type and degree of comorbid refractive error, frequency and duration of eyeglass wearing, and etiology of amblyopia were evaluated with demographic features including affected eye, gender, and age of patient.
RESULTS: Mean age was 36.62±12.46 (18–67) years, and 54% of patients were female. The right eye was affected in 27 patients, the left eye in 42 patents, and bilateral involvement was observed in 31 patients. Mean duration of eyeglass wearing was 1.39±2.40 (0–10) years, and 68 cases were aware of low vision for the first time. There was irregular use of eyeglasses during childhood in 3 cases. While cause of amblyopia was anisometropia in 72 cases and isoametropia in 28 cases, strabismus or deprivation was not encountered. Common refractive error was simple hypermetropia in 32 cases.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Amblyopia is a state of visual deprivation that significantly affects the social lives of those who suffer from it, predisposing them to severe psychological disorders. Because efficient treatment is only possible with early diagnosis, systematic eye screenings, an increased awareness of amblyopia, and encouraging the necessary motivation of both individuals and families is crucial.