Spesific immunotherapy has been applied the 44 children with the diagnosis of bronchial asthma. An in vitro study is planned to investigate the mechanism of the spesific immunotheraphy. The outcome of the therapy is evaluated by the IgG4 levels obtained in 6 month - intervals for 2 years after the therapy. The blocker antibodies (IgG4) against various types of house dust mites like Dermatophoides Pteronsyssinus (MI) and Dermatophoides Farineas (M2) are studied. As a result of this study it is concluded that for in vitro evaluation of spescific immunotheraphy IgG4 levels are not reliable in the first 6 months of therapy.

Health care personnel are at increased risk of acquisition of Hepatitis B Virus, it is possible to be protected by vaccines produced against it. In this study 92 healthcare personnel with negative Hepatitis B markers were randomly divided into 2 groups. First generation recombinant Hepatitis B vaccine was administered the first group and Hepatits B vaccine was administered to the second group on the 0,1st,2nd months. Serum samples were taken from the cases on the 1st,2nd and 3rd months and were kept -20°C. Anti-HBs levels were measured by micro-ELISA. There was no statistical significance between both the geometrik mean titration (GMT) and the Anti-HBs levels of the two groups. A meaningful difference was not found in the capacity of antibody producing between the two vaccines (p>0.05). Although there wasn't a meaningful difference in the GMT levels and antibody producing capacity in both vaccines, 11% - 22% of the cases couldn't producing protective antibody levels and it is thought that antibody levels should be measured after Hepatitis B vaccination.

Our study comprises 28 patients with bacterial meningitis and 5 patients with viral meningitis who have been accepted into the Pediatric Clinic of Kartal Hospital, and 10 healthy subjects in the control group. Blood and CSF samples were taken from the subjects in these groups. CRP, prealbumin and ESH were estimated and the results were compared with those in the literature.

From October 1990 to March 1991 we had a group who had indication of fine needle aspiration biopsy in the second surgical clinic of Kartal Hospital. 21 of them were breast lesions and the others were thyroid nodules. After removal of these tumors, fine needle aspiration were applied with 10 ml and 20 ml syringes on tumors in the operation room, We used 20 and 22 gauge needle for each syringe. Then we had four groups and four different materials. Cytologic examinations of these materials and pathologic examination of whole tumors were discussed. At the end, we concluded that fine needle aspiration biopsy with 10 ml syringe and 22 gauge needle are more useful than the others for picking enough cytologic material.

The PAM is designed to evaluate potential retinal acuity in the presence of media opacities. In our study, we compared the PAM potential visual acuities and the Snellen visual acuities of the eyes with ocular hypertension but with clear media, and, the eyes with glaucoma which had been applied goniotrepanation surgery. 20 eyes with ocular hypertension formed the control group. The concordance of the PAM potential visual acuities and Snellen acuities of the 32 eyes with glaucoma were investigated before and after goniotrepanation. An accurate concordance was obtained for the eyes with ocular hypertension. The concordance which had been 52.2% before goniotrepanation was found to be 75%, postoperatively. We suggest that PAM may be useful in obtaining reliable results to evaluate the visual acuity before and after glaucoma surgery.

There are approximately 350 million chronic HBV carriers in all over the world. 40% of transmission are seen at the newborn period and of those, approximately 90% become chronic carriers. The chronic HBV carrier state is 5-10% in our country and it becomes 2-5 fold among the health-care personnel. In this study, at the Pediatric Clinics of Şişli Etfal Hospital, 238 infants of the age group of 0-2 years having any other complaints but hepatitis were selected and screened for HBsAg and besides 65 health care personnel working in the same pediatric department were screened for all HB markers. As a result, HBsAg positivity rates and carrier state were in accordingly 9.2% among the children and 16.9% among the health personnel. The seropositivity rate among the health care personnel was 72.3%. These results show the high risk rate of our society and especially the health care personnel and the importance of the urgent prophylaxis for HBV infection.