INTRODUCTION: The increasing detection of small and non-palpable pulmonary nodules through low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening has highlighted the need for reliable in-traoperative localization, particularly during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). CT-guided methylene blue marking is a simple, rapid, and widely accessible technique that facilitates minimally invasive resection. This study aimed to evaluate the technical success, safety profile, and determinants of outcomes in CT-guided methylene blue localization of pulmonary nodules.
METHODS: This retrospective study included 49 consecutive patients who underwent pre-operative CT-guided methylene blue localization followed by thoracic resection, predominantly via VATS, between 2020 and 2025. Demographic characteristics, nodule morphology, procedural parameters, surgical details, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Categorical variables were compared using Chi-square or Fisher-based tests, and continuous variables using the Mann–Whitney U test.
RESULTS: Localization was successful in 47 of 49 patients, yielding a technical success rate of 95.9%. Two unsuccessful localizations (4.1%) occurred, both in lower-lobe lesions and both associated with complications. Localization-related adverse events developed in nine patients (18.4%), most commonly pneumothorax (12.2%) and parenchymal hemorrhage (6.1%). The median patient age was 63 years, and the median nodule diameter was 9 mm. Malignancy was identified in 69.4% of nodules. No significant associations were found between localization success and nodule type, FDG uptake, lobar distribution, resection type, or procedural parameters. Tumor size showed a non-significant trend toward association with malignancy.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: CT-guided methylene blue localization is a safe, highly effective, and practical technique for facilitating thoracoscopic resection of small pulmonary nodules. Technical success is consistently high and appears largely independent of radiological, anatomical, or procedural factors. These findings support the use of methylene blue marking as a reliable adjunct to minimally invasive thoracic surgery.

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the presentation, diagnosis, and outcomes of pediatric Garré’s sclerosing osteomyelitis of long bones.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 11 pediatric cases of long bone Garré’s osteomyelitis treated between 2011 and 2019. Clinical, imaging, laboratory, microbiological, and out-come data were recorded, and all patients underwent biopsy for definitive diagnosis.
RESULTS: The 11 patients (ages 1–18 years) typically presented with chronic bone pain and minimal or no systemic symptoms. The femur was most commonly affected (5 cases), followed by the tibia (4 cases). Radiographs showed cortical thickening and periosteal new bone formation without osteolysis or abscess. Biopsy confirmed chronic osteomyelitis in all cases with no malignancy. Cultures identified a pathogen in 7 patients (64%): Staphylococcus aureus was most frequent (5 cases), with one Salmonella and one M. tuberculosis. All patients were treated with prolonged antibiotics; 6 also underwent surgical debridement. At follow-up, infection resolved in all patients. One staphylococcal humerus case had a late recurrence requiring repeat surgery, but was ultimately cured. No long-term functional deficits were observed.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Garré’s chronic sclerosing osteomyelitis of long bones is an important consideration in children with atypical chronic bone lesions to avoid misdiagnosis as malignancy. Imaging alone can be misleading, and confirmatory biopsy is essential. Appropriate antibiotic therapy combined with surgical intervention when needed results in excellent outcomes, with most patients achieving full recovery. Early recognition and a multidisciplinary approach are key to successful management.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of neonatal acidemia and its association with fasting bile acid levels in pregnancies diagnosed with intrahepatic cholestasis.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included pregnant women who delivered at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of our institution between January 2020 and March 2025. Patients diagnosed with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) were enrolled.Maternal and neonatal data were collected from hospital records, including demographic characteristics, laboratory values, treatment regimens, delivery details, and neonatal outcomes. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24.0.
RESULTS: A total of 58 women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) were included. Based on serum bile acid levels at diagnosis, patients were divided into two groups: <40 µmol/L (n=41) and ≥40 µmol/L (n=17). No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding maternal demographics, gestational age, birth weight, or history of ICP (p>0.05). Preterm birth rates were similar in both groups (48.8% vs. 47.1%, p=1.000). NICU admissions were more common in the ≥40 µmol/L group (70.6% vs. 53.7%), but not statistically significant (p=0.36). Incidences of neonatal jaundice, tachypnea, and respiratory distress syndrome showed no significant group differences (p>0.05). Neonatal acidemia, defined as umbilical cord pH <7.20 or <7.10, occurred at comparable rates across both bile acid groups, without statistically significant differences. The mean pH was 7.29±0.11 in the <40 µmol/L group and 7.28±0.11 in the ≥40 µmol/L group (p=0.856). No correlation was observed between maternal bile acid levels and neonatal umbilical cord pH (r=–0.02, p=0.884).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: No significant association was found between maternal bile acid levels and neonatal acidemia. Further prospective studies are needed to clarify this relationship in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

INTRODUCTION: Complex aortic arch anatomy increases technical difficulties in acute ischemic stroke interventions. We hypothesized that aortic arch variations correlate with patient age and atherosclerotic burden in thrombectomy and intraarterial thrombolytic therapy (IAT) patients.
METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed aortic arch morphology in 63 consecutive patients (39 males, 24 females; median age 72 years) who underwent thrombectomy and IAT for acute ischemic stroke. Aortography was systematically performed before intervention to classify arch types (I, II, III) and identify bovine arch variants. Statistical analysis examined relationships between arch variations, patient demographics, and risk factors.
RESULTS: Type II arch was most prevalent (37 patients, 58.7%), followed by Type I (13 patients, 20.6%) and Type III (13 patients, 20.6%). Bovine arch occurred in 16 patients (25.4%). Patients with Type II/III arches were significantly older than those with Type I (p=0.028). Aortic plaque presence strongly correlated with arch type (p<0.001), with 92.3% of Type III patients having plaques versus 7.7% of Type I patients. Procedural success was achieved in 59/63 cases (93.7%).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This retrospective analysis demonstrates that aortic arch variations increase with age and correlate with atherosclerotic burden. Type II and III arches predominate in stroke intervention patients, requiring specialized catheter techniques while maintaining high procedural success rates.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to assess the effects of commonly used anti-seizure medications (ASMs)—valproate (VPA), carbamazepine (CBZ), and levetiracetam (LEV)—on hearing function in school-aged children with newly diagnosed epilepsy.
METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 16 treatment-naive children (mean age 11.5±3.7 years) diagnosed with idiopathic generalized or self-limited focal epilepsy per 2017 ILAE criteria. Patients received VPA (n=12), CBZ (n=2), or LEV (n=2), titrated to therapeutic levels within one month. Audiological assessments—including puretone audiometry (0.25–8 kHz), tympanometry with acoustic reflexes, distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE), and auditory brainstem response (ABR)—were performed before treatment and after a mean follow-up of 10 months. Paired t-tests compared baseline and follow-up results (significance set at p<0.05).
RESULTS: All baseline hearing thresholds were ≤25 dB HL. Post-treatment thresholds were unchanged except for a slight increase at 4 kHz in the right ear (+3.8 dB HL, p=0.009). ABR latencies and inter-peak intervals remained stable. Tympanometry and acoustic reflexes were unchanged. DPOAE amplitudes declined at 2 kHz (−7.3 dB, p=0.001) and 6 kHz (−4.7 dB, p=0.006) in the right ear, while left-ear measures remained stable. No auditory symptoms or adverse events were reported.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Monotherapy with VPA, CBZ, or LEV over ~10 months did not result in clinically significant hearing impairment in children. However, minor frequency-specific reductions in cochlear emissions were noted. Further large-scale, drug-specific studies are needed to validate these preliminary findings.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the pregnancy outcomes, either spontaneous or through assisted reproductive techniques, in patients who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy and/or operative/office hysteroscopy due to primary or secondary infertility.
METHODS: The study included 144 patients diagnosed with primary or secondary infertility at the University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, between January 2021 and May 2024, who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy (L/S) and, according to indications, office/operative hysteroscopy (H/S) for adhesiolysis, chromotubation, cystectomy, cyst aspiration, etc., and for uterine cavity control or septum resection. For exclusion of intrauterine pathology, uterine cavity control was performed using office hysteroscopy, and findings were recorded. Surgical interventions were performed in patients with adhesions, endometriosis, ovarian cysts, or tubal pathology.
RESULTS: 76 (52.7%) patients had primary and 68 (47.2%) secondary infertility. Cyst was seen in 25% and 26.5% of primary and secondary infertile patients, respectively; septum in 27% and 26.5%; adhesion in 35.5% and 38.2%; endometriosis in 10.5% and 7.4%; and bilateral/unilateral tubal passage was seen in 94.7% of primary infertile patients and 92.6% of secondary infertile patients. β-hCG was observed to be positive in 42 (55.3%) and 37 (54.4%) of primary and secondary infertile patients, respectively. Of the primary infertile group with positive β-hCG, 3 (7.1%) had IUI, 12 (28.6%) had IVF, and 27 (64.3%) had spontaneous pregnancy. In both groups, higher rates of spontaneous pregnancy and cesarean delivery were observed after the operation.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: We believe that the surgical correction of commonly detected pelvic and uterine pathologies in patients undergoing simultaneous laparoscopic and hysteroscopic surgery for infertility has positively contributed to pregnancy outcomes.

INTRODUCTION: Emergency departments (EDs) have high patient volumes and elevated mortality rates. Mortality and Morbidity (M&M) conferences aim to identify causes of death and system deficiencies, thereby improving patient safety. This study retrospectively analyzed ED deaths between 2019 and 2023 and evaluated the impact of M&M conferences initiated in June 2022.
METHODS: This single-center, retrospective study included 1,914 patients who died in the ED between January 2019 and December 2023. Demographic data, admission characteristics, triage area, and causes of death were collected. The study period was divided into pre-M&M (January 2019–June 2022) and post-M&M (June 2022–December 2023) phases.
RESULTS: In the pre-M&M period, 1,334 deaths occurred among 1,565,124 ED visits (mortality rate: 8.47 per 10,000 visits). In the post-M&M period, 580 deaths were recorded among 1,306,517 visits (mortality rate: 4.17 per 10,000), corresponding to an approximately 51% relative reduction. The most pronounced decline was observed in the red triage area (p<0.05). The mean age of patients was lower in the post-M&M period (p=0.002). Non-traumatic deaths decreased, while trauma-related deaths significantly increased (p<0.001).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Implementation of structured M&M conferences in the ED was associated with reduced mortality rates and improvements in clinical processes. These conferences provide opportunities for case review, promote continuous learning, and strengthen patient safety culture.

INTRODUCTION: Internal hemipelvectomy is a safe surgical method in the resection of pelvic sarcomas, although it has high complication rates. We aimed to evaluate the complications and functional outcomes of internal hemipelvectomy for malignant pelvic tumors. We also sought to determine the reconstruction strategies used and to identify factors influencing success rates.
METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted on 43 patients who underwent internal hemipelvectomy between January 2010 and January 2023. Demographic data, tumor characteristics, resection types, reconstruction methods, perioperative variables, and oncological outcomes were analyzed. Surgical margins, complications, implant survival, and functional outcomes were recorded. Functional status was assessed using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scoring system. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to estimate overall survival.
RESULTS: The mean age was 40.9 years, and the average follow-up duration was 47.2 months. Chondrosarcoma was the most common diagnosis (48.9%). Type II and combined resections accounted for 55.8% of cases. Modular hemipelvic endoprostheses were used in 15 patients, while others underwent biological or cement-based reconstructions. The overall complication rate was 60.4%, with infections (27.9%) and dislocations (20.9%) being the most common. The mean MSTS score among survivors was 18.5, reflecting moderate functional outcomes. Local recurrence occurred in 17% and distant metastasis in 24.4% of patients. The overall survival rate at last follow-up was 51%, and worse outcomes may be associated with larger resections and implant-based reconstructions.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Internal hemipelvectomy is a viable limb-salvage option for pelvic tumors but is associated with substantial morbidity. Reconstruction type and resection extent significantly influence postoperative complications and functional outcomes. Careful patient selection and tailored reconstruction strategies are crucial for improving long-term results.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to prospectively evaluate the factors influencing sleep quality in patients undergoing surgical interventions for gynecological malignancies, with a particular focus on the impact of surgical menopause.
METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 142 patients who underwent surgical procedures for endometrial, ovarian, or cervical cancer at a tertiary care institution. Participants were divided into two cohorts: Those who underwent surgical menopause (SM group, n=68) and those who did not (non-SM group, n=74). Sleep quality was assessed usingethe Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) both preoperatively and three months postoperatively. Preoperative anxiety and depression levels were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Demographic, clinical, and surgical data were collected systematically. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify independent associated factor of poor postoperative sleep quality, as indicated by changes in the PSQI score.
RESULTS: The mean global PSQI score significantly worsened from 5.1±2.8 at baseline to 8.9±4.1 at 3 months postoperatively (p<0.001). The deterioration in sleep quality was significantly greater in the SM group than in the non-SM group (mean PSQI change: +5.6 vs. +2.1, p<0.001). In the multivariate regression model, surgical menopause (β=3.12, p<0.001), adjuvant chemotherapy (β=1.89, p=0.002), higher baseline HADS anxiety score (β=0.25, p=0.005), and higher postoperative pain score (VAS) (β=0.31, p=0.018) were identified as independent associated factor of a greater increase in the PSQI score (worse sleep quality).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Postoperative sleep quality significantly deteriorated following gynecologic cancer surgery, with surgical menopause identified as the most significant independent associated factor of this decline. Furthermore, pre-existing anxiety, adjuvant chemotherapy, and postoperative pain substantially contributed to this deterioration. These findings highlight the necessity of routine screening of sleep quality and the implementation of targeted interventions, including the management of menopausal symptoms, provision of psychological support, and effective pain control within this vulnerable patient cohort.

INTRODUCTION: Today, indications for thyroid surgery have significantly narrowed. Factors such as the increase in the number of experienced cytopathologists, the performance of biopsies by clinicians, and the significantly improved evaluation of ultrasound have contributed to this. Due to the increased reliability of needle aspiration biopsies, multiple biopsies can be performed, especially in patients with indications for re-operative surgery, and many patients can avoid re-operative surgery. We aimed to investigate the indications for re-operative thyroid surgery in our clinic by evaluating the pathology results and complications of patients who underwent re-operative thyroid surgery.
METHODS: Primary (primary group) and re-operative thyroid patients (re-operative group) who underwent surgery in the Breast and Endocrine Surgery Unit of our hospital’s General Surgery Clinic between February 2014 and August 2019 were included in the study. Patient characteristics and demographics, primary surgery, type of re-operative surgery, indication for primary surgery, indication for re-operative surgery, operation time, perioperative complications, and postoperative complications were used as evaluation parameters.
RESULTS: 934 patients (93.6%) in the primary group and 64 patients (6.4%) in the re-operative group were compared in accordance with the study criteria. No significant differences were found in postoperative voice findings and vocal cord paralysis, while preoperative and postoperative hypocalcemia findings were significantly more common in the re-operative group across multiple criteria (p<0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Indications and pathological examination results for primary and re-operative thyroid patients are similar according to current guidelines. While this reflects the accuracy of the indications, the high rates of hypocalcemia and persistent hypoparathyroidism in the re-operative patient group necessitate the restriction of indications. Prospective studies are needed for patients with narrower indications.

INTRODUCTION: Vancomycin is an antibiotic frequently used in the treatment of resistant gram-positive infections. Although data on its efficacy and safety in pediatric patients are limited, it is widely used in clinical practice. Recommended trough serum levels are 15–20 mg/L, and peak levels are 20–40 mg/L. To reach these targets, it is generally administered at a dose of 40–60 mg/kg/day depending on the infection type. Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) ad-missions frequently involve clinical complexity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the serum levels of vancomycin in patients treated in our unit.
METHODS: This retrospective study includes patients who were hospitalized in our PICU between 2015 and 2019, received vancomycin therapy, and had serum vancomycin levels measured.
RESULTS: Data from 14 patients (median age: 45.4 months, 42.9% male) were evaluated. Sepsis (50%) and pneumonia (21.4%) were the leading indications. The median vancomycin dose was 50 mg/kg/day (40–60), with a treatment duration of 7 days (2–10). In total, 30 serum vancomycin levels were analysed. Trough levels were measured in 47.6% and peak levels in 52.4% of patients, respectively. Levels were within the target range in 44.4%, below in 44.4%, and above in 11.1%.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Optimal vancomycin levels in critically ill pediatric patients often necessitate individualized dosing strategies. Close monitoring remains essential to ensure both efficacy and safety.

INTRODUCTION: Urinary incontinence refers to the involuntary leakage of urine in individuals of any age but is more common in women. Identifying urinary incontinence in premenopausal women and developing effective prevention and management strategies are crucial to improve quality of life and sleep by reducing patients’ physical complaints. This study aimed to determine the quality of life and sleep of patients with and without urinary incontinence in a premenopausal, nonobese population.
METHODS: This prospective study, included 110 patients (55 study group, 55 control group). The study group consisted of premenopausal women aged 35–50 with urinary incontinence complaints. ICIQ-SF assessed urinary incontinence’s impact on quality of life, and the PSQI evaluated sleep quality. Statistical analysis followed data collection.
RESULTS: This prospective study, included 110 patients (55 study group, 55 control group). The study group consisted of premenopausal women aged 35–50 with urinary incontinence complaints. ICIQ-SF assessed urinary incontinence’s impact on quality of life, and the PSQI evaluated sleep quality. Statistical analysis followed data collection.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study found that urinary incontinence significantly impaired quality of life and sleep in premenopausal women, both obese and nonobese. Raising awareness, informing patients, promoting lifestyle changes, and initiating treatment can improve overall health, quality of life, and sleep in affected individuals.

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to examine the relationship of perceived social support with functional status, life quality and depression in stroke patients.
METHODS: This study was carried out on 50 stroke patients who were diagnosed with stroke for the first time, who had a stroke for at least 6 months. Perceived social support with multidimensional perceived social support scale, functional status with Barthel index, life quality with stroke specific quality of life scale, and depression with Beck depression inventory were evaluated.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients (34 males, 16 females) was 56.70±10.78 years. The mean disease duration was 25.9±31.46 months. Mean multidimensional perceived social support scale score of the patients was 51.42±14. The multidimensional perceived social support scale scores were found significantly lower in stroke patients with fully/highly dependent than those of the other groups (p=0.02). There was no significant relationship between family support and functional status, but there was a significant correlation between functional status and friends support, private individual support (p=0.477, p=0.022, p=0.021, respectively). There was a significant positive correlation between life quality and all subscales of multidimensional perceived social support scale (p<0.05). Beck depression inventory score was significantly high in patients with low social support (p=0.001).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The perceived social support has a significant impact on functional status, quality of life and depression in stroke patients. The development of new intervention programs for perceived social support may significantly contribute to the rehabilitation treatment of stroke patients.

INTRODUCTION: Distal radius fractures are among the most common fractures in adults. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using locking plates represents the standard surgical approach. However, factors influencing functional outcomes after surgery remain controversial. This study assessed how patient characteristics, fracture type, and radiological factors influence functional recovery after distal radius fractures treated with locking plates.
METHODS: Eighty-one patients (55 males, 26 females; mean age: 43.7 years) who underwent ORIF with locking plates between 2007 and 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Functional outcomes were assessed using the QuickDASH, PRWE, and Modified Green and O’Brien scoring systems. Radiological evaluations included the Stewart and Knirk & Jupiter classifications. Spearman correlation and group comparison analyses were performed to identify factors associated with functional outcomes.
RESULTS: Fracture classification significantly affected functional outcomes, with AO type B fractures demonstrating superior QuickDASH and Modified Green and O’Brien scores compared to type C fractures (p<0.05). Ulnar styloid nonunion did not affect functional outcomes but was associated with higher arthritis grades (p=0.039). PRWE scores were significantly correlated with arthritis severity, radiological reduction quality, patient age, and most wrist range of motion parameters (excluding pronation). Additionally, PRWE scores were negatively correlated with radial inclination and radial height, and positively correlated with ulnar variance.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Functional recovery following distal radius fracture surgery is influenced by fracture type, reduction quality, age, arthritis, and wrist mobility. Anatomical reduction and near-complete wrist mobility are key to optimal outcomes.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of transobturator tape (TOT) and transvaginal tape-obturator (TVT-O) midurethral sling surgeries on sexual function, in addition to their efficacy in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), in pre-menopausal sexually active women.
METHODS: This prospective, comparative, and observational study was conducted between 2020 and 2022 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kýrdar City Hospital. A total of 290 premenopausal, sexually active women diagnosed with SUI and treated with TOT or TVT-O surgery were included. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was administered preoperatively and at the 6th and 12th postoperative months. The results were compared with a control group consisting of 70 healthy women without urinary incontinence.
RESULTS: Following TOT and TVT-O surgeries, significant increases were observed in FSFI total scores and all subdomains (p<0.0001). The most prominent improvements were noted in the satisfaction, orgasm, and pain domains. At the 12-month follow-up, the mean FSFI score of the intervention group was statistically comparable to that of the control group (p=0.34). Additionally, 91.4% of the patients reported an improvement in sexual function. Dyspareunia was observed in only 5.8% of the participants and was mostly attributed to physical or psychological factors.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Midurethral sling surgeries (TOT and TVT-O) not only effectively resolve urinary incontinence complaints but also contribute to the improvement of sexual function in premenopausal sexually active women. The observed positive outcomes are influenced by a combination of physiological, psychological, and relational factors. Therefore, a comprehensive and multidimensional approach should be adopted in the evaluation and follow-up of patients.

INTRODUCTION: One of the surgical teams that uses fluoroscopy most frequently during operations is the orthopedics and traumatology team. This study aims to indicate that the radiation dose decreases with distance and to stimulate awareness of radiation protection of the team through real-time measurements during fluoroscopy.
METHODS: The study was carried out in the operating rooms of orthopedics and traumatology clinic between 1.08.2025 and 31.08.2025. The radiation dose emitted from the fluoroscopy during imaging in both AP and LAT positions of the X-ray tube for each case was measured with a Geiger-Müller detector at defined distances inside the room, and recorded in the data form.
RESULTS: Real-time measurements were performed during 62 operations. Of these 62 operations, 15 were upper extremity, 39 were lower extremity and 8 were pelvis/acetabulum surgeries. A total of 3062 imaging were recorded in 62 cases, with a mean of 49 per case, and a total of 2051.54 seconds of imaging time, with a mean of 33.09 seconds per case. The measurements taken at A1, A5 and L1, L5 points which are closer to the primary source, were statistically significantly higher than the measurements taken at further distances, p<0.05.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In addition to annual and periodic radiation area monitoring of operating rooms at our institution, this study has increased awareness of the orthopedics and traumatology team through detailed, real-time measurements. The results underlined once again the importance and effectiveness of applying the distance rule as well as the use of personal shielding equipment for radiation protection.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric condition characterized by recurrent episodes of mania, hypomania, and depression. Emerging evidence suggests that inflammation plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of BD, with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and systemic immune dysregulation implicated. Despite growing interest, there is no comprehensive bibliometric analysis focusing on bipolar disorder and inflammation. A bibliometric analysis was performed using the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database, encompassing publications from inception to 2024. VOSviewer was utilized to analyze key trends, including publication dynamics, influential authors, citation patterns, keyword co-occurrences, and co-authorship networks. A total of 2,530 publications were identified, including 1,812 original articles and 718 reviews, demonstrating exponential growth since 2015. The United States, Brazil, and Canada emerged as the leading contributors, with significant output from institutions such as the University of Toronto and Deakin University. Influential authors included Michael Berk, Roger McIntyre, and Michael Maes. Research focused on keywords such as “cytokines”, “neuroinflammation”, and “oxidative stress”, while emerging topics like “gut microbiota” and “neuroprogression” indicate evolving research priorities. Citation burst analysis highlighted significant advancements in inflammatory biomarkers and novel therapeutic approaches. However, global collaboration networks remain limited, particularly in underrepresented regions. This bibliometric analysis highlights the increasing interest in in-flammation’s role in BD and identifies key contributors, research trends, and emerging directions. Future research should prioritize international collaboration, systemic and molecular mechanisms, and translational efforts to improve diagnostics and treatment. These findings provide a roadmap for advancing research on bipolar disorder and inflammation.